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WTO与贸易有关的知识产权协定(I)
来源:本站    录入:2018-4-26
 Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights

WTO与贸易有关的知识产权协定(I)

 

《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》(Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights缩写 TRIPs)简称《知识产权协定》,是世界贸易组织管辖的一项多边贸易协定。《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》有七个部分,共73条。主要条款有:一般规定和基本原则,关于知识产权的效力、范围及使用标准,知识产权的执法,知识产权的获得、维护及相关程序,争端的防止和解决,过渡安排,机构安排、最后条款等。协定的主要内容是:提出和重申了保护知识产权的基本原则,确立了知识产权协定与其他知识产权国际公约的基本关系。

 

PREAMBLE

PART I  General Provisions and Basic Principles第一部分 总则和基本原则

PART II  Standards Concerning the Availability, Scope and Use of Intellectual Property Rights

第二部分 关于知识产权的效力、范围及使用的标准

 

1.Copyright and Related Rights版权及相关权利

2.Trademarks商标

3.Geographical Indications地理标识

4.Industrial Designs工业设计

5.Patents专利

6.Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits集成电路的布图设计(拓扑图)

7.Protection of Undisclosed Information对未披露信息的保护

8.Control of Anti-Competitive Practices in Contractual Licences

在协议性许可中限制竞争行为的控制

 

PART III  Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights第三部分 知识产权的实施

1.General Obligations一般义务

2.Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies民事和行政程序及救济

3.Provisional Measures临时措施

4.Special Requirements Related to Border Measures有关边境措施的特别要求

5.Criminal Procedures刑事程序

PART IV  Acquisition and Maintenance of Intellectual Property Rights and Related Inter-Partes Procedures第四部分 知识产权的获得和维护及当事人之间的相关程序

PART V  Dispute Prevention and Settlement第五部分争端的防止和解决

PART VI  Transitional Arrangements第六部分 过渡安排

PART VII Institutional Arrangements; Final Provisions第七部分 机构安排:最后条款

 

Preamble

Members,各成员,

Desiring to reduce distortions and impediments to international tradeand taking into account the need to promote effective and adequate protection of intellectual property rightsand to ensure that measures and procedures to enforce intellectual property rights do not themselves become barriers to legitimate trade

Recognizingto this endthe need for new rules and disciplines concerning

期望减少国际贸易中的扭曲和阻碍因素,并考虑到需要加强对知识产权实行有效和充分的保护,并确保实施知识产权的措施和程序本身不会成为合法贸易的障碍;

认识到为此目的,有必要制订有关下列问题的新的规则和纪律:

 

(a) the applicability of the basic principles of GATT 1994 and of relevant international intellectual property agreements or conventions

1994年关贸总协定的基本原则以及有关国际知识产权协定或公约的适用性;

 

(b) the provision of adequate standards and principles concerning the availabilityscope and use of trade-related intellectual property rights

就与贸易有关的知识产权的效力、范围和使用,规定适当的标准和规则;

 

(c) the provision of effective and appropriate means for the enforcement of trade-related intellectual property rightstaking into account differences in national legal systems  

就与贸易有关的知识产权的实施规定有效的和适当的方法,同时考虑各国法律制度的差异,;

 

(d) the provision of effective and expeditious procedures for the multilateral prevention and settlement of disputes between governmentsand

在多边一级防止和解决政府间争端规定有效和迅速的程序;

 

(e) transitional arrangements aiming at the fullest participation in the results of the negotiations

旨在最充分地参与谈判结果的过渡安排。

 

Recognizing the need for a multilateral framework of principlesrules and disciplines dealing with international trade in counterfeit goods

Recognizing that intellectual property rights are private rights

Recognizing the underlying public policy objectives of national systems for the protection of intellectual property, including developmental and technological objectives

Recognizing also the special needs of the least-developed country Members in respect of maximum flexibility in the domestic implementation of laws and regulations in order to enable them to create a sound and viable technological base

Desiring to establish a mutually supportive relationship between the WTO and the World Intellectual Property Organization (referred to in this Agreement as WIPO) as well as other relevant international organizations

Hereby agree as follows

认识到需要一个包含原则、规则和纪律的多边框架,以处理冒牌货的国际贸易问题;

认识到知识产权是私有权利;

认识到各国知识产权保护体系最基本的公共政策目标,包括发展目标和技术目标;

还认识到最不发达国家成员在国内实施法律和法规方面特别需要最大灵活性,以便它们能够创造一个良好的和有生命力的技术基础;

强调通过多边程序达成强有力的承诺,以解决与贸易有关的知识产权争议从而减少摩擦的重要性;

期望在世界贸易组织和世界知识产权组织(本协议中简称为“WIPO)以及其他有关的国际组织之间建立一种相互支持的关系;特此协议如下:

Part I  General Provisions and Basic Principles第一部分  总则和基本原则

Article 1  Nature and Scope of Obligations 1  义务的性质和范围

 

1.Members shall give effect to the provisions of this Agreement. Members maybut shall not be obliged to, implement in their law more extensive protection than is required by this Agreementprovided that such protection does not contravene the provisions of this Agreement. Members shall be free to determine the appropriate method of implementing the provisions of this Agreement within their own legal system and practice.

各成员应使本协定的各项规定生效。各成员可以,但不应有义务,在其法律中实施比本协定要求更广泛的保护,只要这种保护不违反本协定的规定。各成员有权在它们自己的法律制度和实践中确定实施本协定规定的适当方法。

 

2.For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “intellectual property”refers to all categories of intellectual property that are the subject of Sections 1 through 7 of Part II.

就本协定而言,“知识产权”一词系指第二部分第一节至第七节主题的所有类别的知识产权。

 

3.Members shall accord the treatment provided for in this Agreement to the nationals of other Members.1 (1) In respect of the relevant intellectual property rightthe nationals of other Members shall be understood as those natural or legal persons that would meet the criteria for eligibility for protection provided for in the Paris Convention (1967)the Berne Convention (1971)the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuitswere all Members of the WTO members of those conventions. 2(2) Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in paragraph 3 of Article 5 or paragraph 2 of Article 6 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as                                         foreseen in those provisions to the Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the “Council for TRIPS”).

各成员应给予其他成员的国民以本协定规定的待遇。1就有关的知识产权而言,其他成员的国民应理解为符合《巴黎公约》(1967)、《伯尔尼公约》(1971)、《罗马公约》和《关于集成电路的知识产权条约》规定的保护资格标准的自然人或法人,如若世界贸易组织的所有成员均为那些公约的成员。2任何利用《罗马条约》第5条第3款和第6条第2款规定的可能性成员,均应按那些条款中所预想的那样,通知与贸易有关的知识产权理事会(TRIPS理事会”)

 

Article 2  Intellectual Property Conventions2  知识产权公约

1.In respect of Parts II, III and IV of this Agreement, Members shall comply with Articles 1 through 12and Article 19of the Paris Convention (1967).

就本协定的第二、第三和第四部分而言,各成员应遵守《巴黎公约》(1967)112条和第19条。

 

2.Nothing in Parts I to IV of this Agreement shall derogate from existing obligations that Members may have to each other under the Paris Conventionthe Berne Conventionthe Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits.

本协定第一至第四部分的任何规定不应背离各成员可能在《巴黎公约》、《伯尔尼公约》《罗马公约》和《关于集成电路的知识产权条约》项下所相互承担的现有义务。

 

Article 3  National Treatment3  国民待遇

1.Each Member shall accord to the nationals of other Members treatment no less favorable than that it accords to its own nationals with regard to the protection3 of intellectual propertysubject to the exceptions already provided inrespectivelythe Paris Convention (1967)the Berne Convention (1971)the Rome Convention or the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits. In respect of performersproducers of phonograms and broadcasting organizationsthis obligation only applies in respect of the rights provided under this Agreement. Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in Article 6 of the Berne Convention (1971) or paragraph 1(b) of Article 16 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the Council for TRIPS.

在知识产权保护3方面,每个成员给其他成员国民的待遇不应低于它给予本国国民的待遇,除非《巴黎公约》(1967)、《伯尔尼公约》(1971)、《罗马公约》或《关于集成电路的知识产权条约》中已分别有规定的例外情况。对表演者、录音制批制作者和广播组织,该项义务仅适用于本协定规定的权利。任何成员如利用《伯尔尼公约》第6条或《罗马公约》第16条第l(b)项所规定的权利,均应按那些条款所预想的那样,通知TRIPS理事会。

 

2.Members may avail themselves of the exceptions permitted under paragraph 1 in relation to judicial and administrative procedures, including the designation of an address for service or the appointment of an agent within the jurisdiction of a Memberonly where such exceptions are necessary to secure compliance with laws and regulations which are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement and where such practices are not applied in a manner which would constitute a disguised restriction on trade.

各成员可利用第1款所允许的司法和行政程序方面的例外,包括在一成员管辖范围内指定送达地址或任命代理人,但这些例外是为确保遵守不与本协定规定抵触的法律和规章所需,且实施这种做法不对贸易构成变相限制。

 

Article 4  Most-Favored-Nation Treatment4  最惠国待遇

With regard to the protection of intellectual propertyany advantagefavorprivilege or immunity granted by a Member to the nationals of any other country shall be accorded immediately and unconditionally to the nationals of all other Members. Exempted from this obligation are any advantagefavorprivilege or immunity accorded by a Member

在知识产权保护方面,一成员给予任何其他成员国民的任何好处、优惠、特权或豁免,应立即无条件地给予所有其他成员的国民。一成员给予的下述好处、优惠、特权或豁免,可免除此义务:

(a) deriving from international agreements on judicial assistance or law enforcement of a general nature and not particularly confined to the protection of intellectual property

由关于司法协助或一般性质的法律实施的国际协定派生,而不特别限于知识产权保护方面的

 

(b) granted in accordance with the provisions of the Berne Convention (1971) or the Rome Convention authorizing that the treatment accorded be a function not of national treatment but of the treatment accorded in another country

根据《伯尔尼公约》(1971)或《罗马公约》规定给予的,它们授权所给予的待遇不是国民待遇性质而是另一国中给予的待遇;

 

(c) in respect of the rights of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations not provided under this Agreement

本协定项下未作规定的有关表演者、录音制品制作者以及广播组织的权利;

 

 (d) deriving from international agreements related to the protection of intellectual property

which entered into force prior to the entry into force of the WTO Agreementprovided that such agreements are notified to the Council for TRIPS and do not constitute an arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination against nationals of other Members.

由《WTO的协议》生效前已生效的有关知识产权保护的国际协定派生的,只要这些协定已通知RIPS理事会,并对其他成员的国民不造成武断或不公正的歧视。

 

Article 5  Multilateral Agreements on Acquisition or Maintenance of Protection

5  关于取得或维护保护的多边协定

 

The obligations under Articles 3 and 4 do not apply to procedures provided in multilateral agreements concluded under the auspices of WIPO relating to the acquisition or maintenance of intellectual property rights.

3条和第4条的义务不适用于在WIPO主持下达成的有关取得或维护知识产权的多边协定中规定的程序。

 

Article 6  Exhaustion6  权利用尽

For the purposes of dispute settlement under this Agreement, subject to the provisions of Articles 3 and 4 nothing in this Agreement shall be used to address the issue of the exhaustion of intellectual property rights.

就本协定下的争端解决而言,在遵守第3和第4条规定的前提下,本协定中的任何条款不得用于处理知识产权的权利用尽问题。

 

Article 7  Objectives7  目标

The protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights should contribute to the promotion of technological innovation and to the transfer and dissemination of technologyto the mutual advantage of producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economic welfareand to a balance of rights and obligations.

知识产权的保护和实施应有助于促进技术革新和技术转让与传播,有助于技术知识的创造者和使用者互相受益,并有助于社会和经济福利及权利和义务的平衡。

 

Article 8  Principles8  原则

1.Members mayin formulating or amending their laws and regulations, adopt measures necessary to protect public health and nutritionand to promote the public interest in sectors of vital importance to their socio-economic and technological development provided that such measures are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement.

在制订或修改其法律和规章时,各成员可采取必要措施来保护公共健康和营养,促进对其社会经济和技术发展至关重要部门的公共利益,只要这些措施符合本协定的规定。

 

2.Appropriate measures, provided that they are consistent with the provisions of this Agreementmay be needed to prevent the abuse of intellectual property rights by right holders or the resort to practices which unreasonably restrain trade or adversely affect the international transfer of technology.

只要符合本协定的规定,必要时可以采取适当措施来防止知识产权持有人滥用知识产权,或采取不正当地限制贸易或对国际技术转让造成不利影响的做法。

 

PART II  Standards concerning the availability, scope and use of Intellectual Property Rights

第二部分  关于知识产权的效力、范围和使用的标准

 

SECTION 1:  COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHTS  1节:版权和相关权利

Article 9  Relation to the Berne Convention 9  与《伯尔尼公约》的关系

1.Members shall comply with Articles 1 through 21 of the Berne Convention (1971) and the Appendix thereto. HoweverMembers shall not have rights or obligations under this Agreement in respect of the rights conferred under Article 6bis of that Convention or of the rights derived therefrom.

各成员应遵守《伯尔尼公约》(1971)121条及其附录的规定。然而,各成员对公约第6条之二所给予或派生的权利在本协定下不具有权利和义务。

 

2.Copyright protection shall extend to expressions and not to ideas, proceduresmethods of operation or mathematical concepts as such.

版权的保护应该延伸至表述方式,但不延伸至思想、程序、操作方法或数学概念本身。

 

Article 10  Computer Programs and Compilations of Data10  计算机程序和数据汇编

1.Computer programswhether in source or object codeshall be protected as literary works under the Berne Convention (1971).

计算机程序,无论是源代码还是目标代码,应作为《伯尔尼公约》(1971)项下的文字作品加以保护。

 

2.Compilations of data or other materialwhether in machine readable or other form which by reason of the selection or arrangement of their contents constitute intellectual creations shall be protected as such. Such protectionwhich shall not extend to the data or material itselfshall be without prejudice to any copyright subsisting in the data or material itself.

数据汇编或其他资料,无论是以机器可读形式还是其他形式,只要通过对其内容的选取或安排而构成智力创造,就应作为智力创造加以保护。该保护不应延伸至数据或资料本身,并不应损害存在于数据或资料本身的任何版权。

 

Article 11  Rental Rights11  出租权

In respect of at least computer programs and cinematographic worksa Member shall provide authors and their successors in title the right to authorize or to prohibit the commercial rental to the public of originals or copies of their copyright works. A Member shall be excepted from this obligation in respect of cinematographic works unless such rental has led to widespread copying of such works which is materially impairing the exclusive right of reproduction conferred in that Member on authors and their successors in title. In respect of computer programs, this obligation does not apply to rentals where the program itself is not the essential object of the rental.

至少在计算机程序和电影作品方面,一成员应给予作者及其合法继承人许可或禁止向公众商业性出租其享有版权之作品的原件或复制品的权利。一成员对电影作品可不承担此义务,除非这种出租已导致该作品广泛复制,从而实质性地减损该成员给予作者及其合法继承人的专有复制权。在计算机程序方面,如该程序本身不是出租的主要标的,则此义务不适用于出租。

 

Article 12  Term of Protection12  保护期限

Whenever the term of protection of a work, other than a photographic work or a work of applied artis calculated on a basis other than the life of a natural personsuch term shall be no less than 50 years from the end of the calendar year of authorized publicationor failing such authorized publication within 50 years from the making of the work50 years from the end of the calendar year of making.

除摄影作品或实用艺术作品外,如若一作品的保护期限不以自然人的寿命为基础计算,则该期限自作品准予出版的日历年年底起不得少于50年,或者如若作品在创作后50年内未经授权出版,则自创作的日历年年底的50年。

 

 
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